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<meta name="description" content="诸生相从，于此甚盛。恐无能为助也，以四事相规，聊以答诸生之意。一曰立志，二曰勤学，三曰改过，四曰责善。其慎听毋忽！  立 志 志不立，天下无可成之事。虽百工技艺，未有不本于志者。今学者旷废隳惰，玩岁愒时，而百无所成，皆由于志之未立耳。故立志而圣，则圣矣；立志而贤，则贤矣；志不立，如无舵之舟，无衔之马，漂荡奔逸，终亦何所底乎？昔人有言：「使为善而父母怒之，兄弟怨之，宗族乡党贱恶之，如此而不为善，可">
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<meta property="og:description" content="诸生相从，于此甚盛。恐无能为助也，以四事相规，聊以答诸生之意。一曰立志，二曰勤学，三曰改过，四曰责善。其慎听毋忽！  立 志 志不立，天下无可成之事。虽百工技艺，未有不本于志者。今学者旷废隳惰，玩岁愒时，而百无所成，皆由于志之未立耳。故立志而圣，则圣矣；立志而贤，则贤矣；志不立，如无舵之舟，无衔之马，漂荡奔逸，终亦何所底乎？昔人有言：「使为善而父母怒之，兄弟怨之，宗族乡党贱恶之，如此而不为善，可">
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="诸生相从，于此甚盛。恐无能为助也，以四事相规，聊以答诸生之意。一曰立志，二曰勤学，三曰改过，四曰责善。其慎听毋忽！  立 志 志不立，天下无可成之事。虽百工技艺，未有不本于志者。今学者旷废隳惰，玩岁愒时，而百无所成，皆由于志之未立耳。故立志而圣，则圣矣；立志而贤，则贤矣；志不立，如无舵之舟，无衔之马，漂荡奔逸，终亦何所底乎？昔人有言：「使为善而父母怒之，兄弟怨之，宗族乡党贱恶之，如此而不为善，可">



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          <h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">教条示龙场诸生</h1>
        

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        <blockquote>
<p>诸生相从，于此甚盛。恐无能为助也，以四事相规，聊以答诸生之意。一曰立志，二曰勤学，三曰改过，四曰责善。其慎听毋忽！</p>
</blockquote>
<h5 id="立-志"><a href="#立-志" class="headerlink" title="立 志"></a>立 志</h5><blockquote>
<p>志不立，天下无可成之事。虽百工技艺，未有不本于志者。今学者旷废隳惰，玩岁愒时，而百无所成，皆由于志之未立耳。故立志而圣，则圣矣；立志而贤，则贤矣；志不立，如无舵之舟，无衔之马，漂荡奔逸，终亦何所底乎？昔人有言：「使为善而父母怒之，兄弟怨之，宗族乡党贱恶之，如此而不为善，可也。为善则父母爱之，兄弟悦之，宗族乡党敬信之，何苦而不为善、为君子？使为恶而父母爱之，兄弟悦之，宗族乡党敬信之，如此而为恶，可也。为恶则父母怒之，兄弟怨之，宗族乡党贱恶之，何苦必为恶、为小人？」诸生念此，亦可以知所立志矣。</p>
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<h5 id="勤-学"><a href="#勤-学" class="headerlink" title="勤 学"></a>勤 学</h5><blockquote>
<p>已立志为君子，自当从事于学。凡学之不勤，必其志之尚未笃也。从吾游者，不以聪慧警捷为高，而以勤确谦抑为上。诸生试观侪辈之中，苟有「虚而为盈，无而为有」，讳己之不能，忌人之有善，自矜自是，大言欺人者，使其人资禀虽甚超迈，侪辈之中有弗疾恶之者乎？有弗鄙贱之者乎？彼固将以欺人，人果遂为所欺，有弗窃笑之者乎？苟有谦默自持，无能自处，笃志力行，勤学好问；称人之善，而咎己之失；从人之长，而明己之短，忠信乐易，表里一致者，使其人资禀虽甚鲁钝，侪辈之中，有弗称慕之者乎？彼固以无能自处，而不求上人，人果遂以彼为无能，有弗敬尚之者乎？诸生观此，亦可以知所从事于学矣。</p>
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<h5 id="改-过"><a href="#改-过" class="headerlink" title="改 过"></a>改 过</h5><blockquote>
<p>夫过者，自大贤所不免，然不害其卒为大贤者，为其能改也。故不贵于无过，而贵于能改过。诸生自思，平日亦有缺于廉耻忠信之行者乎？亦有薄于孝友之道，陷于狡诈偷刻之习者乎？诸生殆不至于此。不幸或有之，皆其不知而误蹈，素无师友之讲习规饬也。诸生试内省，万一有近于是者，固亦不可以不痛自悔咎，然亦不当以此自歉，遂馁于改过从善之心。但能一旦脱然洗涤旧染，虽昔为盗寇，今日不害为君子矣。若曰吾昔已如此，今虽改过而从善，将人不信我，且无赎于前过，反怀羞涩疑沮，而甘心于污浊终焉，则吾亦绝望尔矣。</p>
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<h5 id="责-善"><a href="#责-善" class="headerlink" title="责 善"></a>责 善</h5><blockquote>
<p>“责善，朋友之道”；然须“忠告而善道之”，悉其忠爱，致其婉曲，使彼闻之而可从，绎之而可改，有所感而无所怒，乃为善耳。若先暴白其过恶，痛毁极诋，使无所容，彼将发其愧耻愤恨之心；虽欲降以相从，而势有所不能。是激之而使为恶矣。故凡讦人之短，攻发人之阴私以沽直者，皆不可以言责善。虽然，我以是而施于人，不可也； 人以是而加诸我，凡攻我之失者，皆我师也，安可以不乐受而心感之乎？某于道未有所得，其学卤莽耳。谬为诸生相从于此，每终夜以思，恶且未免，况于过乎？人谓“事师无犯无隐”，而遂谓师无可谏，非也；谏师之道，直不至于犯，而婉不至于隐耳。使吾而是也，因得以明其是；吾而非也，因得以去其非。盖教学相长也。诸生责善，当自吾始。</p>
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